How To Write An Article Review Essay, Detailed Instructions

The most effective method to Write An Article Review Essay, Detailed Instructions What is an article audit An article audit is a procedure of fundamentally assessing writing inside a particular field, itâ entails summing up, characterizing and leading correlation among various examination discoveries. Article audit includes looking for logical articles among databases to recover important examination discoveries introduced by various writers. The motivation behind survey is to offer the two understudies and researchers the chance to assess crafted by different specialists in a particular field. Â Using the article audit process, specialists offer basic suppositions about other master research work. Procedures engaged with Article Review Article survey includes introducing your examination of a subject dependent on an article finding to individuals who are acquainted with a particular subject matter. It requests proficient composition with exclusive requirements and an inside and out introduction of our feeling. Significant focuses to consider before beginning to survey an article incorporates understanding that an article audit doesn't require new data, yet requires our reaction dependent on another writers work. Article audit requires a basic assessment and examinations utilizing speculations, thoughts and exploration discoveries that are identified with the current subject. A decent article audit ought to have efficient thoughts that construct thoughts and present its contentions reliably. Perusing and investigating Before beginning the survey procedure, it is essential to peruse the chose article to have a superior comprehension of the article content. It is fitting to peruse and re-read the article to distinguish a portion of the regular topics depicted in the article. In the wake of perusing the article, it is imperative to pinpoint the key focuses introduced by the writer, Â this basic advance will help recognize the principle article purposes of contention that helps in working up legitimate contentions while scrutinizing the article. Setting up an Outline A layout is a key when composing aâ perfect paper, itâ makes the composing simple when introducing articles contentions. Composing a blueprint includes picking the particular articulation that presents the primary reason for the survey, known as the proposition. A postulation explanation expresses the fundamental thoughts and helps control their stream. Proposition explanations are an impression of our judgment or sentiment which can be produced from perusing or individual encounters. Building up a theory articulation involves introducing the expectation communicated by the creator and introducing if the creators goal were figured it out. Thinking of a diagram requires the essayist to peruse the article and note down significant realities and some other commitments made by other applicable examination discoveries. A decent framework needs to distinguish information holes and any inconsistencies. Â An layout ought to likewise involve a portion of the inadequacy and qualities of the recognized articles lastly summing up the paper dependent on solid information. Composing an audit Presentation The initial segment is the presentation, the presentation starts with referencing the name of the article. For instance, the article named New proof on the treatment of ADHD by Lucian, Barnes-Holmes, and Barnes-Holmes talks about treatment and the board of ADHD among kids. The principal section ought to incorporate a theory explanation. The other significant focuses during presentation incorporate composing how the article identifies with other examination discoveries on the particular theme. When composing an article audit, the theme should be plainly expressed, refering to the distinguished article toward the start of the paper, which is likewise significant. Â Presenting the subject toward the start of the paper will convey to the peruser about the fundamental reason for the composition. The theme should be engaging and should feature the most significant purposes of the article to be checked on. The theme should be definitive, reminiscent or testing. Refering to the article will empower the peruser to realize the particular article being referred to, for instance: Luciano, C., Barnes-Holmes, Y., Barnes-Holmes, D. (2002)? New proof on the treatment of ADHD. Examination in Developmental Disabilities, 23 (6), 406-421. During a presentation, one will clarify the rules the creator utilized while breaking down and furthermore looking at its discoveries, one will clarify the association for the audit. The body of the survey When composing a survey, the body of the paper should start with a subject sentence that expresses the primary thoughts of the passage. Â Starting the passage with a theme sentence presents the peruser with the thought early. The body of the paper ought to incorporate information broke down or citations, or a lot of correlation demonstrating proof. The body of the article should plot the contentions that help the theory proclamation followed by a rationale advancement of thoughts noted when building up the blueprint. It is essential to cite a few realities introduced by the writer to show the primary article thoughts. While surveying an article, it is critical to sum up the entire thought of the article, including what the writer expressed by taking note of pertinent realities and other article discoveries. The following stage is to investigate the article by featuring the articles qualities and shortcomings dependent on your assessment. It is likewise basic to recognize the writers commitment in the particular field and furthermore feature the holes and any inconsistencies found in the article. Â Criticizing an article involves taking an angle to either bolster or not bolster the writers discoveries. All these ought to be sponsored up by reality and speculations that apply to the subject. When picking cites from the article to help your contention, its critical to choose and examine materials from the article to demonstrate your point. Citations help in building up a contention about the creators work utilizing your words. End The finishing up section needs to sum up the perspectives on the article and furthermore repeat the proposal explanation. In this segment, closing methods returning to the principle thoughts of the article and featuring our assessment of the article. The end additionally presents the chance to give a route forward for additional exploration. A viable end needs to go past outline and welcome the writers endeavors and the importance of the article. End causes the perusers to acknowledge how you built up a contention or if the paper responded to the inquiry. Â The end ought to be created from a perusers point of view. Toward the finish of the paper, the peruser needs to increase new knowledge from the paper about the subject of conversation. Surveying the draft Subsequent to finishing the principal draft of the survey, its imperative to update the composed paper to check for spelling and syntax. Editing needs to erase superfluous and tedious expressions or words and furthermore include any missing data before presenting the last work. Â Proofreading needs to check for mistakes in citations or in references, rationale advancement and furthermore check if the paper has a strong help for the theory articulation. During the survey, significant changes of the substance are permitted before presenting the last work.

Curriculum Development for Inclusive Practice Essay

Educational program Development for comprehensive practice Curriculum is characterized as the accompanying; a particular plan for discovering that is gotten from substance and execution measures. Educational program takes substance and shapes it into an arrangement for viable instructing and learning. Consequently, educational program is in excess of a general system, it is a particular arrangement with distinguished exercises in a fitting structure and grouping for coordinating instructing (Wiggins and McTighe, 1998). The word ‘curriculum’ is really a Latin word for ‘racecourse’. Educational program is the exercises that students will embrace to accomplish their learning objectives. The arranging, students experience and request in which it happens are all piece of the educational program. There are a tremendous and huge measure of components that help shape an educational plan. There are a wide range of techniques and ways to deal with the plan and usage of educational program and a great deal is dependant on the teachers’ approach of it. In the realm of preparing, the educational plan can planned around the targets of the customers determinations. More often than not educational plan depends on the authoritative needs of learning and goals, for instance, their educational plan. Endorsement from outer organizations, for instance, granting bodies give endorsement for the capability to be conveyed. The granting bodies gracefully the schedule or direction which gives the educator the data and system for conveyance and evaluation of the topic. Outside offices may give subsidizing now and again and in this case the course may be given once the financing has been accomplished. Inside the preparation in-house area of instructing, it is typically the business and individual needs’ that sets the benchmark for the necessity of bespoke instructional classes. In house preparing/educating provide food for the requirements of the staff and in the dominant part a great deal of the courses achieved by the students don't prompt proper capabilities. In the entirety of the above examples the association will gracefully the prospectus or course substance to shape the educational program. In the event that the schedule or course content isn't accessible the educator should build up their own based around the subject that must be conveyed. The point of the instructors is to distinguish the adapting needs, styles and the capability of the students, this needs’ to be accomplished at the preceding the beginning of the understudies learning. For instance of this a school’s educational program contains both legal components (counting the National Curriculum, strict training and vocations instructions) and non legal components (needs characterized by the school). A region where there will be an essentialness of uniformity and decent variety in the plan of the educational program would be youngsters with multi-tactile debilitations. One of the essential standards of the code of training is that all youngsters, incorporating those with extraordinary instructive needs ought to be offered full access to an expansive, adjusted and pertinent instruction. This is the thing that the national educational program was intended to give. A few youngsters who are multi-tangible debilitated will follow the National Curriculum, for the most part with extra help. Others will follow an altered type of it. Still others will follow progressively particular formative educational plans which will incorporate showing a youngster things that non-debilitated kids definitely know when they start school. Indeed, even youngsters who follow a similar educational plan as non-crippled companions, be that as it may, will generally require extra components in light of their tactile weakness. These may identify with: * portability abilities, correspondence, tangible turn of events or different perspectives explicitly influenced by hard of hearing visual deficiency * treatment needs †for instance, physiotherapy * ideas typically adapted by chance †for instance, the relational and freedom aptitudes utilized at break or dinner times All instructors change the educational program so as to meet the scope of adapting needs in their group. Youngsters who are multi-tangible disabled are probably going to require the educational program adjusted on an individual premise, in light of the fact that each child’s blend of hearing weakness, visual hindrance, different handicaps and learning qualities will be extraordinary. There are numerous models which influence the conveyance of educational plan, manner by which an instructor must achieve the final product, ought to and could convey to the students. For instance, the item model spotlights immensely on the results of a course. The item model is likewise alluded to as the social destinations model. A model could be of a medical aid course, the educator needs to encourage what must be instructed so as to encourage the students to pass. Preparing in the working environment is particularly sharpened to the item/social model of educational program advancement. The instructor center transcendently around what must be educated as opposed to concentrating on what ought to or could be shown The social model of learning focuses on the quantifiable result of educational plan. The upsides of the social model are that there is ordinarily a general proclamation of purpose and this is ideally guaranteeing shirking of dubiousness. The appraisal procedure is in reality increasingly exact. The learning ought to be bit by bit and it should concentrate on the recently learned material. Ralph Tyler (1971) expressed that there is a rule for educational program advancement that the interfacing impacts of sorted out grant, the student, and society ought to give the prevailing source and impact for educational plan improvement. Tyler composed his model into four principal questions, which he expressed ought to be replied when planning educational program: 1. What are your educational program points and destinations? Which learning encounters meet these points and goals 3. By what means can these realizing encounters be sorted out into an educational plan program? 4. In what capacity would this be able to program be assessed? The Tyler hypothesis to date is the most persuasive model of all in readiness of educational program, the necessities of society at the hour of improvement and the requirements of the student at the hour of advancement should be basic. The regularly developing social brain science of our general public must be represented, precisely what are the instructive purposes waiting be achieved. The center ought to be identified with past learning and encounters and after examine the elements how is the educational program configuration going to envelop and accomplish the destinations that might not have been reached beforehand. The way of thinking of training will significantly influence a student’s life. It is giving the establishments, the parts of information and social encounters are expected to improve learner’s fates. A model could be of preparing, the various settings and mutli-social workforce will have a minor departure from the educational program. The educational plan should be structured in organization with the businesses, so a competency system will be met. Points and targets should set inside in the competency structure which after some time changes with enactment and guidelines. The learning encounters should composed into the educational plan and profundity, intricacy of the subject, guaranteeing that it covers all degrees of learner’s accomplishment. At that point course should be assessed, by what means will the course be assessed and the key goals achieved? Straightforwardly the Tyler hypothesis by and by is the most idiot proof structure of educational program. The educational program can be emotional and not entirely clear. Needs examination past to structure of educational program is basic, the discoveries ought to be summed up and ought to detail some portion of the educational program improvement documentation, which is practice is awesome in the event that you have the significant data before course conveyance. The universe of preparing can be specially appointed and coaches are not generally conscious of this data. In any case, the conduct model methodology has gotten analysis. One of the contentions against the conduct model is that the ‘affective domain’ can't be considered satisfactorily as far as explicit practices. The full of feeling space portrays learning targets that accentuate an inclination tone, a feeling, or a level of acknowledgment or dismissal, along these lines it can't be evaluated sufficiently and the conduct model will dishearten ‘creativity’ with respect to both student and instructor. In the 1980’s behaviorism was supplanted by the humanistic way to deal with educational program structure and usage. The procedure model focuses on course content, significant information and aptitudes that can be learnt and applied. This model spotlights on teacher’s exercises, the conditions where the learning happens and the student exercises. A model could incorporate when an individual pays for their course of study. The student would get the advantage of what ‘must’ and ‘should’ be secured just as ‘what’ could be conveyed. Stenhouse (1975) cited the English word reference when characterizing educational program as ‘a course; particularly a standard course of study as at school or university’. More often than not the course plan/educational plan is the thing that the administering bodies have chosen ought to be instructed. The sets what precisely as instructors ahead of time what realizing will be arranged, accomplished and what objectives ought to be delivered to the oppressed being educated. Stenhouse tested the view that instructors should be objective in their perspective on educational plan, sensible even, to guarantee that there is a harmony between the ‘intentions and realities’ that the educational plan configuration will get the best results for their understudies. He draws examinations the procedure of educational program with respect to a formula in cookery, the formula is followed and the outcome would be a dish. In principle this can be an attempted and tried, for instance, how to you know whether the educational program configuration has accomplished all the instruction objectives until the there is an assessment toward the finish of the course? What number of pass evaluations and what number of disappointments. Like creation a cake it doesn’t consistently rise the way you’d wished it to. Frequently when heating

Ultimate Guide To Stakeholder Management

Ultimate Guide To Stakeholder Management When asked to name the key players in a business or industry, we often hear the word “stakeholders”, and how integral they are in the grand scheme of things. However, we rarely look past the word and learn more about them, or the concept behind them. They are most often identified as business owners, partners, stockholders, investors, customers, or collaborators. But there is a more apt term for them, and for how businesses should manage their relationship with them. © Shutterstock.com | dizainIn this guide we 1) clarify the stakeholder concept and 2) provide an introduction to stakeholder management.THE STAKEHOLDER CONCEPTGaining an understanding of the stakeholder concept requires defining some of the key terms used.Stakeholders are the individuals, groups or entities that have their own sets of interests, expectations and demands from a business, and even shares in a business undertaking. If something within a business changes, they are the ones directly or indirectly affected. The interests, demands or shares refer to the stakes owned by the stakeholders. Stake can be further categorized into interest, right, or ownership.Identifying the Business StakeholdersIn any business environment, there are two general categories for stakeholders:Primary stakeholders  are composed of stakeholders with direct involvement or stake in the organization. They are directly interested in, or are directly affected by, the progress of the business operations. I n short, they will directly benefit from the success of the business (and suffer from its losses). Those who fall under this category are:Employees, or unions of employees, including team leadersOwners, shareholders and investorsManagement, including the executives and line managersLenders, including banksSecondary stakeholders  are groups or individuals that have a special interest or a public stake in the business. They include:Consumers / customers, or the end users of the business’ products and/or servicesPartners, or other collaborators such as suppliers and distributorsGovernment, or other regulatory bodiesThe general public or the community, including civic, environmental and social groupsThe classification of primary and secondary stakeholders will be dependent on the business, its nature, and how it conducts its business. Some organizations may consider customers as their primary stakeholders, while others deem them to be secondary.We can also classify business stakeholde rs depending on their roles in the business environment.Core stakeholders. These are the stakeholders who play a vital role in the survival of the business.Strategic stakeholders. Businesses continuously face threats and are presented with opportunities during the course of its life. These stakeholders play major roles in addressing these threats and identifying and taking advantage of the opportunities.Environmental stakeholders. All other stakeholders who do not fall under Core and Strategic classifications, but exist in the business environment of the organization, are lumped into this category.The Stakeholder ViewsThe traditional view on stakeholder management is that the shareholders are the “only stakeholders who matter”. Therefore, the business should make profit in order for the shareholders to take their share in the profit of the business.But that is no longer a conclusive view, as more stakeholders have been gaining recognition and established themselves to be just as important. In fact, customers are said by many business experts to be one of the most important and powerful stakeholders. This is in recognition of the fact that the long-term value of a business can be cultivated and nurtured if you start by keeping your customers satisfied.The three views of stakeholders are:Strategic view. Management is primarily concerned with leading the company to earn profits, which will then be given back to the shareholders. There are many factors at play in management’s plans and actions in increasing the business’ revenue generation. In the strategic approach, the stakeholders are deemed one of those factors having great influence over the profit-generation aspect of the business.Multi-Fiduciary view. In this approach, management is considered to have a fiduciary responsibility to stakeholders of the business. Meaning, the business, through its managers, will take care of the money, assets, or the stakes of the stakeholders, who are leaving them in the former’s hands out of trust.Synthesis view. Management recognizes the role and importance of stakeholders, but they do not have a fiduciary responsibility to them. Rather, their responsibility to the stakeholders is more of an ethical one.STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENTStakeholder management is sometimes overlooked, with managers becoming largely unaware of what the company can achieve when it is effectively administered.It builds robust and solid relationships between the business and its stakeholders. Stakeholders are likely to remain loyal to a business that they know is looking out for them. Trust is a vital ingredient for any relationship to work â€" and last â€" and stakeholder management is a great tool for building and fortifying that trust.It improves the organization’s good reputation. Naturally, potential stakeholders will be drawn towards businesses with excellent stakeholder management.It contributes to the overall growth and development of the business. By maintaining v ery good relationships with stakeholders, you are ensuring the business’ longevity. More groups of stakeholders would definitely want to work with your business, and help it succeed.In stakeholder management, there are five core questions that must be answered.The identity of the stakeholders. Stakeholders are important because, without them, the business will not be able to operate. Businesses need the consent and support of the community and the public, as well as various regulatory agencies, in order to start operating and continue to do so. They also require the support of investors and lenders to get the financing they need. Employees are also required for the manpower and human resources of the company. Of course, the customers cannot be left out, because it is them who will pay for the business’ products and services. Basically, the entire existence of the business is reliant on stakeholders. You can start with identifying large and generic groups, and then sub-divide the m into more specific groupings or units. For example, in the Employees group, you can further divide them according to age group, gender, or specialization within the business.The stakes of the stakeholders. What are their stakes? How powerful have they become because of these stakes? Are the stakes valid or legitimate? Identifying the stakes will also tell you a lot what these stakeholders want from the company. This will enable management to identify those that have greater stakes than others, so they can prioritize. All stakeholders are important, but there is also a need to identify those who are most important, and knowing what their stakes are is very useful. In the long run, the business will also be in a better position to balance stakeholder interests.The challenges and opportunities presented by the stakeholders. What are the opportunities that can potentially improve the relationships of the business and the stakeholders? On the other hand, what issues and challenges ofte n crop up with respect to these relationships? This is also where you will identify the urgency or timing that will be needed for communicating with them, because communication is key towards maintaining a good relationship with stakeholders.The organization’s economic, ethical, legal, environmental and philanthropic responsibilities and accountabilities. What is expected of these stakeholders in the mentioned aspects?The strategies and actions to be performed. By getting the previous questions answered, management can come up with an action plan geared towards managing the challenges and opportunities presented by the stakeholders and their stakes.Principles of Stakeholder ManagementLet us take a look at the “Clarkson Principles”, or the seven principles that managers should adhere to in their stakeholder management approaches.Acknowledge and monitor. Managers should first identify the legitimate stakeholders and what their respective stakes are. Then they should acknowledge the fact that stakeholders are major players in the business and should therefore be factored into the decision-making process involving all aspects of the business, including its operations. Continuously monitoring the concerns of the stakeholders is already a form of acknowledgement.Listen and communicate. The best way to find out the concerns of your stakeholders is to listen and communicate with them directly. The message must be conveyed clearly so it is also understood and will trigger the desired response. By maintaining open lines of communication, you will be kept up to speed on the concerns as well as contributions of the stakeholders. They are also bound to inform you of the risks that come with their stakes in the business, and this will, in turn, figure directly or indirectly into the management’s decision-making processes. Communication should also be done in an integrated manner. It is a fact that there are different ways to communicate, so you should do so dependin g on who you are communicating with. Employees, for instance, react better when communication is done on a face-to-face basis, as frequently as possible. Regulatory agencies that the business has reportorial responsibilities to will only be communicated to on predetermined times. Investors, on the other hand, are communicated to depending on standards or guidelines.Adopt. Accept the fact that stakeholders are not the same. How you deal with one group may not give the same results when applied to other groups. An approach that works with employees, for example, does not necessarily mean it will work with the consumers, and vice versa. Therefore, there is a need for the business to assess the appropriate modes of behavior for each stakeholder group and adopt them accordingly.Recognize interdependence. Stakeholders vary depending on their stakes. Some take more risks than others with their stake in your business. There are stakeholders who put more effort into the business than other s takeholders, even if they have the same ownership share. It is now up to the management to try to figure out a way to distribute the benefits and rewards in a fair manner, taking into consideration the interdependence of efforts, results, risks, rewards, and vulnerabilities.Work and cooperate. Business comes with inherent risks, or risks that cannot be entirely avoided. It is just a matter of minimizing those risks and lessening the negative impact. Managers are expected to cooperate and work together with other groups and entities in order to minimize these risks.Avoid questionable activities. All acts associated with the business will, in one way or another, affect the stakeholders. Illegal acts, crimes, and other activities that could bring harm to others or could result to business, property, and life and limb being put in danger must be avoided at all costs by management.Acknowledge conflicts. Almost always, you can expect conflicts to arise with the managers. After all, they, too, are stakeholders of the business. They are bound to come across issues that will make them conflicted between their position as stakeholders and that of the other stakeholders of the business. The first thing they should do is to acknowledge that these conflicts do exist, and they may potentially arise in the course of running the business. By acknowledging it, they will be in a better position to put into place measures that will lessen the negative impact of these conflicts of interest. Perhaps they could set up better communication lines with the other stakeholders and other control and review protocols to maintain transparency and protect the interest and stakes of everyone concerned. They will be better able to compromise, since they are fully cognizant of how divergent some stakeholders’ (including them) priorities are.Four phases of Stakeholder ManagementThe principles discussed can be compressed into four phases:Phase 1: Stakeholder MappingThis is basically the identi fication of stakeholders, in accordance with the strategy and overall goals of the organization. Categorize them either as primary or secondary stakeholders.The most recommended basis of segmenting your stakeholders would be on their power, or the level of their ability to have an impact on your business or organization. Between your shareholders and employee union leaders, for example, the one that has more power would be your shareholders.The identification of stakeholders should not be limited to the existing stakeholders. Managers who are looking far ahead are also going to identify the potential stakeholders.Phase 2: Stakeholder ListeningThe best way to gain insight into your stakeholders is by listening to what they have to say. They are bound to have questions of their own, which you must address. Aside from formal and informal modes of communications, this can also be done through environmental scanning, research and monitoring. Some businesses even undertake this stage by c onducting surveys and interviews.Managers are encouraged to ask questions. It is a fact that not all information is going to be handed to them readily. If they want to know something useful or relevant, there is nothing wrong with asking the questions outright. When listening to the stakeholders, they should also show empathy. Stakeholders prefer knowing that they are dealing with humans, instead of machines.After collecting all relevant information on the issues and position of the stakeholders, analysis will follow.Phase 3: Stakeholder ProfilingThe information acquired from Stakeholder Listening will then be used to profile the stakeholders, and start identifying or coming up with strategies. Note that managers will have to make decisions and formulate strategies while always taking into account how these will impact the stakeholders and their stakes in the business.It is the responsibility of management to develop a management strategy for its stakeholders. In addition, they are also tasked to develop the appropriate responses and actions that are needed to build support for their stakeholder management strategy.Managers could come up with the following stakeholder profiles:High power, high interestHigh power, low interestLow power, high interestLow power, low interestPhase 4: Stakeholder EngagementAgain, as mentioned earlier, a company cannot have a single communication program for all the stakeholders. Each stakeholder group has to have its own communication program or tool, since there are simply aspects of one program that will work for one but not for others. Stakeholder engagement is a two-way process, so it is something that takes place between the business and the stakeholders. It’s not just the business taking active part in the engagement activities.Stakeholder engagement will also vary depending on the stakeholder. For example, in the four profiled groups, managers are likely to decide to keep closer tabs on the stakeholders with high power and high interest, providing them with periodic updates through logs and emails, and conducting regular status meetings with them. As for those with low power and low interest, they would probably just monitor them, and sending status reports from time to time.Stakeholder management may fall largely on the shoulders of the management. However, it involves the organization as a whole. Therefore, develop and implement strategies using a coordinated organization-wide approach.

Mentoring - CIPD - 1253 Words

TABLE OF CONTENTS Page no 1. Introduction – About mentoring 3 2. Mentoring programmes 3 3. Conclusions and recommendations 5 4. References 5 Introduction Mentoring is to support and encourage people to manage their own learning in order that they may maximise their potential, develop their skills, improve their performance and become the person they want to be. Eric Parsloe, the Oxford School of Coaching Mentoring. Mentoring can have multiple purposes for our organisation as support the talent management process, enabling personal and professional development of individuals, support career planning and development process,†¦show more content†¦They can be non-directive or directive (active listening, asking questions to raise awareness, encouraging reflection, paraphrasing and summarising, giving feedback, making suggestions, offering guidance and advices). Compared to a traditional session of training which transfers new skills related to procedures, systems or work functions, in a mentoring programme the development activities are designed to suit the needs of the individual. Therefore, in our case for developing people management skills is more appropriate to develop a mentoring programme than training. On the other hand, in order to transfer technical knowledge or particular skills is more suitable to use formal training session or training on the job rather than a mentoring programme. There will be many benefits for our Sales team (the mentees) from this mentoring programme such as increasing their self esteem level and confidence, increase motivation and personal learning process, support their long term career plan, reducing of the stress and frustrations from the workplace, improving the ability to develop actions plans based on SMART goals. 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We were also taught about Coaching and mentoring it is one of the important things we learn in this module what are the key skills and behavior require for successful coaching? We were looking at the GROW Coaching model is about the coach and the coachee in this section we were asked to develop

Kid Misuse And Child Abuse - 1293 Words

Each year more than 3 million reports of youngster misuse are made including more than 6 million kids. The United States has one of the most exceedingly bad records of kid misuse losing 4-7 kids a day to the misuse. Misuse is the point at which any conduct or activity that is utilized to startle, hurt, undermine, control or scare someone else. Kid misuse is a conduct outside the standards of behavior and involves significant danger of bringing on physical or enthusiastic damage. There are four principle sorts of kid misuse; physical misuse, sexual misuse, psychological mistreatment, and disregard. PHYSICAL Abuse Physical misuse is a standout amongst the most widely recognized type of kid misuse. Characterized as non-unintentional injury or physical damage brought about by punching, beating, kicking, gnawing, smoldering or generally hurting a youngster, physical misuse is the most unmistakable type of kid Abuse. Youngsters who are physically manhandled can create tyke traumatic anxiety. They are likewise at danger for gloom and uneasiness. In what capacity would you be able to tell in the event that somebody you know is as a rule physically mishandled? Well physical misuse accompanies a few side effects you can search for. Any harm to a youngster who is not slithering yet Unmistakable and extreme wounds wounds at various phases of recuperating On various surfaces of the body Unexplained or clarified in a way that doesn t bode well Unmistakable shapeShow MoreRelatedPhysical Misuse Of A Kid863 Words   |  4 Pagesbecause my Granddaughter experienced sexual abuse from her mother’s boyfriend and my Grandson experienced physical abuse from his mother. Their current ages are under 4 years of age. As a parent and grandmother, it tore my heart apart and I wanted to certainly cause harm to somebody. As a result, I have custody of my grandson and my granddaughter lives with her other grandmother. All through the United States each year, a large number of instances of child negligence are accounted for. It’s a frightfulRead Moreunit 10 P5 M31714 Words   |  7 PagesP5 Explain the strategies and methods that can be used to support children/ young people and their families where abuse is suspected or confirmed. M3 Assess strategies and methods used to minimize the harm to children, young people and their families where abuse is confirmed. Case study: Paul is 10 years old. His teachers that he might be suffering from abuse at home have reported it to the Local authority. He will be starting secondary school in a month’s time. The local authority is due to putRead MoreThe Problem Of Trafficking Of Kids1417 Words   |  6 Pagesparticularly in ladies, and kids has turned into a matter of genuine national and universal concern. Ladies and kids – young men what s more young ladies – have been presented to uncommon vulnerabilities business misuse of these vulnerabilities has turned into an enormous composed wrongdoing and a multimillion dollar business. Countries are endeavoring to battle this exchange human wretchedness through administrative, official, legal and social activity. Trafficking of kids is an overall wonder influencingRead MoreA Project On Child Trafficking1473 Words   |  6 Pages A Project on CHILD TRAFFICKING IN INDIA Sociology Monsoon Semester 2014 ___________________________________________________________________________ Naresh Rawat ID No. : 214071 ___________________________________________________________________________ INTRODUCTION: Trafficking in people, particularly in ladies, and children has turned into a matter of genuine national and universal concern. Ladies and children – young men what s more young ladies – have been presented to uncommon vulnerabilitiesRead MoreShould Prescribing Drugs Be Banned?1469 Words   |  6 Pagesas a form of recreation. In a recent article â€Å"Misuse of ADHD Drugs by Young Adults Drives Rise in ER Visits† a scenario where ADHD patients willingly hand their prescribed drugs to non ADHD individuals is described as an illicit and dangerous act. Something as simple as passing on drugs to someone who shouldn’t be consuming it in the first place, can potentially end a person’s life if taking the wrong dosages. The article primarily focuses on the misuse of consumption of two popular drugs to treatRead MoreSocial Issues Presented in Jeannette Walls Memoir, The Glass Castle1068 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent social issues presented in Jeannette Wall’s memoir â€Å"The Glass Castle.† These issues included neglect – medical and education, unsanitary living conditions, homelessness, unemployment, alcohol abuse, domestic violence, discrimination, mental health issues, physical and sexual abuse, hunger and poverty. Poverty was one of the major key issues addressed in this memoir. Poverty is referred to as the inability to provide for one basic needs such as food, clothing, shelter, medical etcRead MoreThe Problem Of Human Trafficking Essay1623 Words   |  7 Pagesorgan harvesting, recruit in the armed force, and exposes to violence, abuse, neglected and exploitation, of the child. Thousands of women and children trafficked every day India is for profit. trafficking in south Asia, India is a nation of both travel and destination, there are many impressive level of inner trafficking as well as some trafficking from India to golf state and south east state, are selling to children, child their development over the state fringes are happening inside of the nationRead MoreChildren s Lack Of Protection Essay2391 Words   |  10 Pageschildren Vulnerability and Marginalization as that children poverty, discrimination, violence, child abuse are broad theme. Now should need care and protection while abuse and violence, child sexual abuse, streets children, children living with AIDS, child in armed conflict, girl child, children with disability, children affected by substance abuse, birth registration, missing children , children with low, child trafficking , children without parental care , children of schedule cast and schedule tribalRead MoreChild Maltreatment And Its Effects On Children2157 Words   |  9 PagesChild Maltreatment Maltreatment is a sever form of parental abuse that could really take a toll on a developing child. Children should be treated with the utmost care because they are developing and growing physically, physiologically, and emotionally everyday for starters. It has always been a known staple that children need to get enough sleep, eat their vegetables, along with a healthy diet, and follow and healthy regimen in order to reach full healthy potential. Malnourishment effectsRead MoreStrategies For Preventing Misuse : The Girl Who Played With Fire1098 Words   |  5 PagesStrategies to Prevent Misuse Due to lack of prudence Kristen â€Å"Kiki† Ostrenga was very lenient with her posts and the people she talked to when it came to her online persona as â€Å"Kiki Kannibal†. With the intention to use the internet to receive attention a vast amount of problems were created for her and her family. Kiki Kannibal received the attention she wanted from fans and also negative attention from other profiles and bullies. In â€Å"Kiki Kannibal: The Girl Who Played with Fire† Sabrina Rubin

Sample Police Report Free Essays

The text below is an example of a police report. Notice the following points about it: * It is written in clear, simple English. * Dates, times and other details are recorded as precisely as possible. We will write a custom essay sample on Sample Police Report or any similar topic only for you Order Now (Find some examples of these. ) * The â€Å"register† (i. e. the level of language) is formal. For example, there are no short forms such as â€Å"didn’t† and no colloquial words such as â€Å"nicked†. Similarly, the formal word â€Å"purchased† is used instead of â€Å"bought†. What other examples can you find? * The report is impersonal. The writer focusses on the events and the evidence, not on his own thoughts or feelings. Case Number: VT 05/04/01/3462 Incident: Vehicle Theft Reporting Officer: Constable Ranjit Singh Date of Report: 05 April 2001 At about 1040 hours on 5th April 2001, I met with Ms. Vanessa Price at 61 South Chorley Drive regarding a vehicle theft. Ms. Price said she parked her car by a parking meter outside Chorley Leisure Centre at about 0945 hours and went into a nearby shop to return a faulty torch she had purchased the previous day. She said that when she returned to the leisure centre at about 1000 hours, she discovered her car was missing. Ms. Price described her car as a maroon, 1999 Mitsubishi Eclipse with a black convertible roof. The car registration number is GTL-682-P. She estimated the value of the car at  £8,500 and said there were no distinguishing marks or items. Ms. Price told me she locked the car, but she does not have the keys. She now believes she may have left the keys in the boot lock after removing the faulty torch from the boot. Ms. Price said she gave no one permission to take her car, and she is up to date with her loan repayments. I conducted a survey of the crime scene but found no items of evidence. I saw no broken glass in the area, and there were no items to retrieve or photograph. I obtained a sworn statement from Ms. Price and provided her with the case number and Information Leaflet 99/07 (â€Å"What to do when your car is stolen†). I entered the vehicle into the station database as a stolen vehicle. I also searched the area but was unable to find the vehicle. How to cite Sample Police Report, Papers

Lord Of The Flies Chapter 47 Notes free essay sample

Lord Of The Fliess: Chapter 4-7 Notes Essay, Research Paper 1. When the fire goes out it symbolizes the loss of all staying civility and the beginning of absolute savageness. The fire was the boys # 8217 ; merely link to the past, as it was the one true engineering they had. Fire symbolizes adult male # 8217 ; s domination and use of nature. As the fire goes out the male childs are no longer people, but animate beings. It is besides of import to observe that the fire was voluntarily allowed to decease. This Tells us that the male childs voluntarily became barbarians, so this represents non merely the loss of a civilised society, but besides the treachery of it. When the fire goes out, it besides signifies the loss of hope. If the male childs believed that they would be rescued, so they would non let the fire to travel out. Again, because of the fire being let out voluntarily it besides represents the treachery of hope. We will write a custom essay sample on Lord Of The Flies Chapter 47 Notes or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When the fire goes out, the boys no longer want to be a portion of civilisation or be rescued by it. 2. The animal from the air is a dead adult male, who is attached to a parachute, falling from the sky. The animal from H2O is a figment of their imaginativeness. Once once more the loss of civilisation and the old ways are represented. The dead adult male in the parachute, falling easy, from the old universe and civilisation, represents the steady diminution of the old ways which have been implemented in the new society and therefore the differentiation of being civilized itself and the decease of it. The animal represents world # 8217 ; s fright of an outside menace every bit good as the immorality and incorrect making that world brings upon itself. Fear of an outside menace has been a characteristic that world has had of all time since we walked on two legs. Ancient peoples saw devils, and now many people claim to see UFO # 8217 ; s and foreigners ; it is rather plausible that a really crude society would see a animal. As evil and fright are created from adult male, so is the animal. The animal, being a fabricated creative activity of adult male and one that appears in every society, becomes no longer a physical entity, but a fright rooted deep in the human mind ; possibly a fright of ourselves. 3. The parachute symbolizes the forces of human behaviour that effort to keep the cloth of society integral. The parachute, nevertheless, fails to keep society afloat indefinitely. The parachute easy loses to nature ( in this instance gravitation, but symbolically mankind # 8217 ; s carnal inherent aptitudes and desires ) . This decision can be drawn because the parachute is transporting a dead adult male, who of class represents the old manner and civility. Possibly it could be besides concluded that the parachute symbolizes the last attempts to keep a civilisation that has already died and can non be saved. Because the parachute symbolizes attempts to salvage civilisation on the island, it can be related to Ralph, Piggy, and Simon. The parachute, nevertheless, does non stand for these characters, but instead what they themselves in bend represent ; leading, cognition and kindness. 4. When Simon says, # 8220 ; You # 8217 ; ll acquire back alright? # 8221 ; , he means to state that the animal is a figment of the imaginativeness and can non injury anyone ; hence, they will acquire back without a animal forestalling their return. Golding puts Simon # 8217 ; s words in such a mode so th at they have a intension of irony and irritation. I believe that this was done to give the reader a intimation of Simon # 8217 ; s mute cognition. Simon knows that the animal is fabricated, in fact Simon knows what the animal represents. He is annoyed by the general ignorance of the male childs on the island and knows that when they return, they themselves will convey the animal back ; merely it won # 8217 ; t be the animal that they think they know. 5. Jack was unable to kill the hog because he still had hints of civility left in him. The barbarous portion of him pull him to kill the hog, but did non to the full rule and he was unable to kill the hog. Society Teachs us from a immature age that it is non merely incorrect to kill, but gross outing. He was non ready to stain his custodies with the blood of another life animal and to abandon his ethical motives. He took a big measure towards savageness by make up ones minding and about conveying himself to kill the hog, but was non ready to finish the journey ; non yet. 6. Piggy # 8217 ; s spectacless are important as a symbol of cognition. Piggy besides represents cognition, and he is unsighted, fundamentally useless without them. Piggy and his spectacless are strong while society is strong. When society crumbles and no longer listens to its intellectuals ( which will go on subsequently in the narrative ) they become weak and abused like Piglet does. After society crumbles Piggy # 8217 ; s spectacless are stolen and broken, he becomes useless, and is subsequently murdered. Because society broke down, cognition is stolen and destroyed in the custodies of barbarians. Piggy # 8217 ; s spectacless are broken in one lens by Jack, and subsequently the other by him and his followings. This shows that cognition was non killed in one twenty-four hours, but instead over the continuance of the boys # 8217 ; remain on the island. Because spectacless symbolize cognition, they must be the tool used to obtain engineering and the domination and use of nature. This is achieved by utilizing Piggy # 8217 ; s spectacless to visible radiation the fire that represents these things. It besides shows that when cognition falls into irresponsible custodies it can be used to make great devastation that is symbolized by the forest fire. The fire besides represents hope, so it is cognition that gives us hope. Without Piggy # 8217 ; s spectacless Jack and his male childs do non hold fire to roast hogs. Jack hates Piggy, and treats him ill, but needs the spectacless to obtain fire. This is really similar to evil leaders of society who abuse their minds and utilize the cognition that they yield for personal addition and incorrect # 8211 ; making. Without Piggy # 8217 ; s glasses the male childs would non distinguish themselves from the remainder of nature and possibly go subsidiary to it. The same would be true for all of human society without cognition. 7. The male childs did non inspect the parachuter more carefully because they had forgotten about the Old World and no longer cared. They did non care that a adult male died or that person from the Old World arrived. They did non care to analyze the organic structure for utile points. This Tells us that the male childs were preoccupied with events on the island. They were no longer kids of the Old World, nor did they care for it, they were now kids of the island. The dead adult male was no longer one of them, but an foreigner who did non affair.

AFFIRMATIVE ACTION Essays (1632 words) - Social Inequality

AFFIRMATIVE ACTION A NECESSARY POLICY TO PREVENT DISCRIMINATION AND INEQUITIES OR A DISCRIMINATIVE AND INEQUITABLE POLCY INTRODUCTION Historically, there have been arguments about what Affirmative Action (AA) really is. The basis of the argument for the most part, debates the goal(s) of AA. Is the goal of AA to erase past inequities for the disabled, minorities and/or women without protest? Or is Affirmative Action a culture or spirit that rewards diversity and differences? Basically there are two definitions or schools of thought for AA. The first school of thought is that AA is an umbrella term for laws and policies that the United States Executive, Judicial, and legislative bodies have mandated. Specifically, AA is a series of social policies and statutes that regulate activities and laws with the primary intent to achieve equity and increase opportunity for all. The second school of though is that AA is an umbrella term defining a broader set of activities whereby public and private institutions voluntarily incorporate practices and polices to increase diversity, opportunity and equity. Under this school of thought, AA is in spirit and an institutional policy. The intent of this paper is to address the serious and profound arguments of both schools of thought. In addition, this paper will address issues relative to determining whether or not AA is necessary instrument for the demise of discrimination and the formation of justice and whether or not AA needs to be maintained, modified or terminated. I. Affirmative Action Background A. A Brief History of AA in the United States of American Contrary to popular belief, the concept of AA actually began prior to the executive order signed by President John F. Kennedy in 1961. The concept of AA began upon the signing of Amendment XIII of the Constitution. 1. The Late 19the and Early 20th Century America began to deal with the inequities and lack of justice for mean of African decent in the 1800s. In my opinion, the initial and most significant policy or law relative to AA was Amendment XIII to the Constitution. The 13th Amendment states, "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction" (US Constitution, Amendment 13, Section 1). Further cited, "Congress shall have power to enforce this article by appropriate legislation", (US Constitution, Amendment 13, Section 2). While the intent of the 13th amendment was to abolish slavery and begin the long process of just and equal rights for all American citizens. Historians cite various reasons for the 13tha amendment, some say it was Lincoln's understanding and belief that slavery was wrong. Other Historians cite that Lincoln had no choice but to free the slaves in hoes of Afr ican American men joining the losing forces of the North during the civil war. Whatever the reason, slavery was now against the law. Soon after the execution of the 13th Amendment, the governing forefathers once again determined and agreed that it was necessary to clarify citizen's rights. Directly resultant, the 14th, 15th, 16th and 19th Amendments were executed. All of these amendments were necessary modifications to the highest law of the land to establish justice and equity for all Americans. 2. The Middle of the 20th Century By the midpoint of the 20th century America still did not truly realize the intent and fruition of equal rights for all. As such, once again there was a need to clarify the rights of Americans. The late 1950s and early 60s there was a television in over 70% of homes in America. This forum of mass and popular media brought about an all time public knowledge of racial injustices. One could say that the television a proponent of civil rights, as directly resultant of its popularity, there were major changes in America's views and attitudes on civil rights. In 1961, President John F. Kennedy signed Executive Order (EO) 10925. This EO was significant, as it introduced the term "Affirmative Action" to America. The order instructed federal government contractors to "take affirmative action to ensure that applicants are treated equally without regard to race, color, religion, sex, or national origin" (Kennedy, EO 10925, 1961). The Kennedy EO also created the Committee on Equal Employment Opportunity. While the Kennedy

The Epic of Gilgamesh

The Epic of Gilgamesh All through historic times, stories, poems, and songs have been written with common themes, which played a significant role in explaining some aspects of societal life. One of these is friendship. There is no one in the world who does not need a friend; therefore, it is a necessary aspect of life. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Epic of Gilgamesh- Theme of Friendship specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More In the Epic of Gilgamesh, which was developed over a period of nearly a thousand years from about 2500 to 1500 B.C., friendship plays an important role in the development of the story. Gilgamesh, who is described as two-thirds god and one-third man, is the oppressive fifth king of Uruk while Enkidu is the ruler of the animals. The friendship between these characters develops in the course of the story. As the story begins, King Gilgamesh of Uruk is depicted to be in mature manhood and superior to all other men in bot h beauty and strength. There was no one who could match up with him in the ancient Mesopotamian society. The unsatisfied cravings of his demigod nature could not find a suitable mate for him in love or war. In addition, his unsatisfied daemonic energy made the people of Uruk to be unsatisfied with his reign. Because he was lacking love and friendship, Gilgamesh turned to excess and indulgence, and he celebrated his victories with too much debauched partying, which annoyed the individuals in the city as well as the gods in the temples. Because of his oppressive rule, the people asked for help from the gods since they feared that someday Gilgamesh would ask for a greater part of his divine heritage, challenge the gods and even rock the pillars of heaven if he was not controlled. Therefore, to counter the threat, the gods devised a plan of creating Enkidu, who was the mirror image of Gilgamesh. They believed that the king would divert his dangerous energies toward that rival thereby s top challenging heaven. The gods then made Enkidu from clay and left him in the wilderness to live and eat as the animals do. In the wilderness, though he established friendship with the wild animals, his cravings for a mate were not adequately satisfied. Therefore, when a harlot from the city seduced him, he quickly agreed to leave and live in the great-civilized city of Uruk. When Enkidu goes to the city, he seems not to like Gilgamesh at first since the two engaged in a fight soon after they met. However, they quickly started to like one another. The theme of friendship is shown when the two giants become very close and start to rely on one another in conquering their enemies with ease. Thereafter, the solidarity between the two characters assists in developing the plot of the story, which is a mixture of pure adventure, morality, and tragedy, as subsequent experiences are based on this newfound eternal comradeship.Advertising Looking for essay on literature languages? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The newly found comrades soon grow weak and become indolent with the city life. Therefore, Gilgamesh suggests a great exciting activity, which involves going to the forest to cut down trees so as to construct a memorable monument to the gods. However, since the terrifying demon called Humbaba is endowed with the responsibility of protecting the forest that is also prohibited to mortals, they have to kill him first. At first, Enkidu disagrees with this proposal but gives in after persuasion from his friend. Their friendship gave them the astounding courage and unwavering confidence to succeed in killing Humbaba. As the King of Uruk cleans himself, Ishtar offers to become his wife because his beauty was appealing to her; however, he turns her down with insults, recounting to her the dire fates that all her mortal lovers have met. Ishtar, the goddess of love and beauty, is infuriated at the re jection and goes to heaven to request his father, Anu, to send the Bull of Heaven to terrorize the people of Uruk. However, Gilgamesh and his compatriot work together to defeat the bull sent by the gods from heaven. After the success of their missions, Enkidu dreamt that they had gone contrary to the wishes of the gods so much that one of them must be sacrificed for murdering Humbaba and the Bull of Heaven. Thereafter, he quickly succumbed to a fatal disease after twelve days of suffering. The loss of Enkidu brings remorse to Gilgamesh and he realizes that death is inevitable. Because of the loss of the great friendship, he sets out on a journey to find Utnapishtim, the one man holding the secret of everlasting life. On the journey, he encountered various obstacles and on finally meeting Utnapishtam, he successively failed different tests that could have given him the secret of immortality. In the end, Gilgamesh, though being the King of Uruk, succumbed to the same fate that befell his friend. Although the type of friendship between Gilgamesh and Enkidu corresponds to contemporary friendship, it differs in some way from it. All through the ages, humans have treasured friendship since it determines our survival on this world. In the current society, human relationship is of essence for helping one another in times of difficulty, just as Gilgamesh and Enkidu assisted one another in conquering their enemies. Most people look for various traits in friends, especially attributes that they may be having in common. However, the current society takes friendship for granted. Most people see it as something that exists naturally.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Epic of Gilgamesh- Theme of Friendship specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More How many yearn for their better halves, as did Gilgamesh and Enkidu for each other? Who can go in the world to search for a suitable mate in love? The Mesopotamian societ y, as depicted by taming of Enkidu so that Gilgamesh could accept him, valued friendship such that they could go in search for it. I do not think that two ordinary peasants in Mesopotamia were capable of forming the kind of bond that existed between Gilgamesh and Enkidu. In the epic, Gilgamesh is depicted as being two-thirds god. Therefore, to make him have his equal, the gods created Enkidu to satisfy his cravings for a mate. This implies that the gods predestined their friendship, a thing that could not just happen among ordinary peasants in Mesopotamia. Before the coming of Enkidu, Gilgamesh had a cold heart and he never befriended anyone. However, the coming of Enkidu changed all these as he placed a check on Gilgamesh powerful energies. On the other hand, Gilgamesh pulled him out of his egocentricity. This even matching of characteristics is only possible when someone is specifically created for the other, but not otherwise as may be in ordinary men.

BudgetExpenditure analysis Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

BudgetExpenditure analysis - Assignment Example While this may be possible in many organizations, in Monroe county Red Cross, it might not be fully possible especially because of the nature of management of the organization. To start with, most of its incomes are from donations and other incomes of the same nature. It may be difficult to establish exactly what amount is spent in preparation activities. Moreover, the organization is more of a charitable organization concerned with offering services and not profit maximization. All in all, expenditure analysis must be carried out more so to convince well wishers and donors that their funds are being spent in a good manner. In Monroe county Red Cross, the process often takes four main stages which are dependent on one another. For a comprehensive summary of expenditure analysis, it ought to start at the budget preparation stage. Here all the relevant factors are taken into consideration. It is in the process of budgeting that speculations of spending are made. Despite the fact that in many instances these speculations are not accurate, they give the management a rough idea of the likely range of expenditures. Though it is often overlooked by many institutions including the Monroe county Red Cross, expenditure analysis ought to start at this point. The items in the budget ought to be reviewed and confirmations made on whether or not they are likely to cost as much as stipulated in the budget. After the process of budget preparation, approval needs to be done. In many instances and many organizations, this step is the where the budget expenditures are analysed. The purpose of this step is to eradicate alien expenditures that may be fixed to acquire money in unscrupulous ways. Depending on the views of the management and the urgency of the expenditures, they may be approved or rejected in the budget. This is still some form of expenditure analysis. After the approval

The Athletic Trainer Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Athletic Trainer - Research Paper Example An Athletic trainer is a medical expert concerned with various areas of an athletes care. The athletic trainer teaches and instructs the athletes on ways to avoid injury during competitions by use of exercise practices and warm-up schedules. In case an injury occurs to an athlete, it is the duty of the athletic trainer to examine the injured athlete and establish whether the athlete requires medical attention from a doctor. Athletic trainers are also involved in the management and administration of rehabilitation of athletes for instance through exercise and training. In addition, the athletic trainers engage in monitoring the progress and performance of athletes to avoid further injuries. They are also involved in applying and fixing supportive gadgets for instance support braces or tensor bandages. Generally, the work of athletic trainers involve ensuring that the athlete is fit and in god health. In this case, these trainers also work closely with other professionals involved in t he affairs of the athletes for instance the athletes’ doctors and coaches (Hand, 2011). It is evident that athletic trainers hired by sports teams concern themselves w primarily with preventing injury, examination of injuries as well as rehabilitation of the athletes. It is also evident that as the name suggests, the major function of the athletic trainer is not to train the athlete on the specifics of the competition but rather to ensure that the athlete is fit for the competition. Even though the athletic trainers mainly occur in professional sports, others occur in the public domain (Beach, 2011). Heron (2011) affirms that athletic trainers concern themselves with institution, amateur and professional athletes in addition to normal people injured while participating in various sports. Athletic trainers should undergo a system of education and training before they

Mass Media Influence On American Society Media Essay

Mass Media Influence On American Society Media Essay It is the power that shapes and molds the mind of virtually every citizen, young or old, rich or poor, simple or sophisticated (Sweet Liberty, 2000, 1). The media is a part of everyday life in America. News and events outside of ones home or neighborhood are brought to their area via the newspaper, magazines, radio, television, and the internet. As the quote above mentions mass media, and its components, are very powerful and are capable of influencing ones mind, as well as their behavior. The images and stories introduced to children and young adults make it difficult for these viewers to distinguish between fact and fiction (Cable News Network, 1998, 3), thus stimulating confusion and blind emulation. In Torrs Violence in Film and Television, film and television editor, Harvey Roy Greenberg, says that different forms of aggression, either spoken, sung, danced, or written have appeared in practically every clime and time. In other words, the media and violent entertainment have been around since ancient times. In the Stone Age, violent images were painted and carved into their stone canvases, the Romans enjoyed gladiatorial combat, and the Victorian English enjoyed plays and puppet shows often featuring murder and swordplay as ways of exciting the audience (Torr, 2002, 15). Violence on television, or portrayed in literary form, may have been more mild and censored in the past, but all the same, the public was still vulnerable and easily influenced by what they witnessed and experienced. Hollywood, currently, is very candid and graphic in its productions, especially depending on the director and editor. However, in contrast with todays wild interpretations and brutal killings, in the 1930s, Hollywood abided by production codes. These codes regulated all aspects of screen content, with an elaborate list of rules outlining what was permissible to show and what was not (Torr, 2002, 22). As times changed and American society became more informed about reality and the violence which took place, the codes were modified, eventually leading to film ratings. Although Americans were more aware and the ratings provided some restrictions, this did not mean that emulation and confusion were eliminated completely. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ virtually from the cradle, children in the United States are bombarded by violence on TV, in movies, and in song lyrics (Cable News Network, 1998, 2). Children are easily swayed and influenced by the many images and pictures presented to them through the media. By high school graduation, children will have spent roughly 50 percent more time in front of a television than in front of a teacher (Dudley, 1999, 32). Parents, often times, are too drained or pre-occupied with their own lives, leading their children to find comfort in watching television or playing video games which, consequently, become the prime examples for their actions and behaviors. For all too many Americans, the real world has been replaced by the false reality of the TVà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Sweet Liberty, 2000, 2). These children hear the news and watch shows and films where innocent people are being stolen from or being killed, but they have nobody there to teach them the difference between what is real and what is not, what is right and what is wrong. An article printed in Time magazine, titled Suburban Smackdown, is a great example of how the media persuades children to impersonate what they view on television. The article concentrates on the violence of wrestling and how some children and young adults are putting on shows, costumes, masks and all, for their neighbors based on these wrestling characters they see on TV. It may not be the Rock vs. the Undertaker on prime-time TV, but the high school boys of the Extreme Wrestling Federation of Sayerville, N.J., try hard to make their contests look just as real' (Fonda, 2000, 49). It may be fun and games for a lot of these kids, but images seen on a Best of Backyard Wrestling video included kids jumping onto barbed wire, setting their opponents on fire, and other kids somersaulting onto mattresses studded with sharp objects (Fonda, 2000, 49). And the violence seems to be trickling down from teenagers to tots (Fonda, 2000, 49). The Wrestling Federation and the high school boys imitati on is similar to a slippery slope. The professional wrestlers are not setting a good example for these boys by promoting fights and violence for no reason, other than winning a trophy, and these high school boys are not setting a good example for even younger children because they are expressing that violence is fun and okay. One year before this article was published, in Dallas, a three-year-old boy was killed after his seven-year-old brother stiff-armed him in the throat, trying to imitate a move he had seen on television (Fonda, 2000, 49). After hundreds and thousands of years of media influence, it cost childrens lives and innocence for the pro-wrestling federations to run dont-try-this-at-home ads during their matches. Children are a large majority of the population influenced by the media, but it is not them alone who imitate and follow what they see and hear on a daily basis. Media experts say the last four decades of research have shown a clear correlation between violence on television and the development and display of aggressive values and behavior by both children and adults (Torr, 2002, 99). Adults watching the news are influenced by the events occurring locally as well as internationally; however, it not so much what they hear, but more how it is being presented. For example: à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦which items are emphasized and which are played down, the reporters choice of words, tone of voice, and facial expressions; the wording of headlines; the choice of illustrationsall of these subliminally and yet profoundly affect the way in which we interpret what we see or hear (Sweet Liberty, 2000, 2). Not only does the news affect the way adults think and view the society, but film and violent enterta inment also play a large role in influencing their behaviors and actions. A good, very recent example involves Mel Gibsons movie The Passion of Christ. . . . A Fort Bend County man has fanned the flames of the fervor when he confessed to killing his girlfriend after viewing the movie in hopes of seeking redemption (Klentzman, 2004, 1). The Passion of Christs message influenced this man in a positive way, in confessing for his mortal sin, but the other side to this positive media influence is not so bright Leach, the man convicted of the murder, suffocated his girlfriend and got the idea of making it look like a suicide from the weekly series CSI (Klentzman, 2000, 2). Music and its lyrics have also played an enormous role in shaping and molding American societys minds. Todays music is absolutely nothing like the Oldies. The modern-day society is accustomed to hearing music where 50 percent of the lyrics are what are considered bad words. Heavy metal and rap lyrics have elicited the greatest concern, as they compound the environment in which some adolescents increasingly are confronted with pregnancy, drug use, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, injuries, homicides, and suicide (Dudley, 1999, 55). Artists like Marilyn Manson and Eminem have parents worried because they do not want their children being exposed to such vulgar language, afraid they will try to emulate these particular artists and the stories conveyed through their lyrics, often times including the subjects of beating their wives or slitting their wrists. Another good example of how the music world influences peoples minds and behaviors is the suicide of Nirvanas Kurt Cobain. When Kur t Cobain died, I died with him was the note left by an eighteen-year-old who, along with two other friends, executed a suicide pact following Cobains death (Dudley, 1999, 34). MTV and other music stations play a crucial role in young adults lives. With continuous coverage of celebrities and music artists, many people find the need to conform. Parental awareness, supervision, and discussion are critical variables in heading off additional tragedies (Dudley, 1999, 34). Video games have become a more recent trend, but just as the other sources of media, these games have the potential of influencing and molding the minds of children and adults. In the past, video games like Pong, consisted of a ball which would bounce off of two sticks. Nowadays, video games like Mortal Kombat or Grand Theft Auto, consist of cursing, shooting, beating, and killing humans and monsters. The National Coalition on Television Violence found that more than 75 percent of video games contained violent images (Sherrow, 1996, 71). Many researchers believe that video games have a stronger effect on children than merely watching television because the players take a direct and active role in the violence; the researchers also believe that the players of these games will become desensitized towards violence and disregard human life because, in these games, they are able inflict pain, but no pain is inflicted back on them (Sherrow, 1996, 71). Many of these images mimic reality, us ing lifelike scenes and situations. What we see happening, is that there is so muchà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦realistic-type violence portrayed in movies and other situationsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦They think that if you shoot somebody, they get upà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ (Cable News Network, 1998, 4). As well as promoting violence, video games also encourage anti-social behavior. Instead of going outside and playing sports or interacting with other people, many people choose to stay indoors, in a dark room, playing on their video game systems. With the advancement of technology, how can one forget the Internet? Since its development in 1993, the Internet has been an excellent resource for research, entertainment, and communication. However, the Internet also has many flaws. Like video games, the Internet also encourages anti-social behavior; one may be able to communicate through AIM services and such, but it is possible to be addicted to the Internet. Those addicted to the Internet do not feel the need to socialize in another setting, perhaps outside. Also, the Internet has many websites for games, interesting facts, and useful yellow page information; however, it also has many websites very inappropriate for children and young persons, like pornography or violence. As mentioned above, lines of communications are often opened up through the Instant Messaging services, although this may be a positive thing, it can also lead to dangerous and harmful situations. For example, children using the Internet and talking to their f riends through instant messages may enter chat rooms. These chat rooms are full of strangers and people of all ages trying to take advantage of young minds. For instance, there have been many cases where older men have posed as 10-year-old boys in order to meet up with a child of the same age group and rape or kidnap them. Parents may try to block and limit what their children see or do on the Internet, but with the education and information children and young adults receive today they can easily break the locks placed upon their access on the computer. Although media images may be enlightening, a lot of the time they are disturbing and provocative, especially depending on the audience. Common sense just tells you that theres obviously an influence. Television is the most powerful medium in the world. Movies, the entertainment industry, the music industry, theyre very powerful (Cable News Network, 1998, 14). As one is able to tell, the mass media is present in our everyday lives. By watching the news, reading the newspaper, watching the television set, or going to the movie theatres, the media is always there. Whether one may realize it or not, in one way or another, the media has influenced their behaviors and/ or actions. From birth to death, people in America will live in a society in which their education and their futures revolve around the mass media and its messages, whether they are positive or negative; it is the American way of life.

Historical Significance and Leadership of Sojourner Truth

Since the early twentieth Century, Sojourner Truth has been rated by a number of studies as among the prominent African Americans who have contributed to the rich history of the United States. Indeed, volumes of scholarly journals (Caroll, 1985; Redding, 1971) on America’s history have been adorned by her civil image and feminist character in the campaign against violation of women’s rights and slavery. Throughout her advocacy life, Truth will be remembered for having played a key role in raising funds for Black Union soldiers. Majority of feminist / black North Americans recognize her. Although her words are full of inspiration, her deeds have been overlooked in modern studies. Nonetheless, her name conveys a deeper sense of meaning despite being forgotten by a good number of her contemporaries’ (Sterling, 1984). While the reputation of historic icons from the Negro population have not survived the nineteenth century (particularly those associated with illiteracy and poverty), the memory of Sojourner’s deeds still endures. In view of her illiteracy, it is encouraging to acknowledge that her works as recorded by other people constitute her fame and power. Solidly engrossed to the evangelical life of northern antebellum in the United States, Sojourner, she remains an emblem of a phenomenon frequently associated with history in the twentieth century: popularity (Sterling, 1984). This paper examines her contribution to the United States. Between 1840 and 1850, Truth had commenced to forge a reputation at women’s rights and anti-slavery meetings. By the late 1850s, her achievements had been merited in the narrative of Sojourner Truth (Brawdy, 1991). In essence, she forms the foundation of truth as described severally in different bibliographies and studies (Smith, 1950; Edwards, 1986). In her speech at a women’s meeting convention held at Ohio in 1851, her rhetoric ideologies never appeared emblematic not until the late 1970s. The gist of her remarks began to be captured by numerous newspaper accounts—that women were entitled to equal rights as their male counterparts. Her famous quote as presented by Sterling (1984) is her lamentation and questioning about whether God existed at all. In her advocacy life, Sojourner’s reputation beyond women’s rights and abolitionist circles were amplified by Brawdy (1991). To date, these studies have served as requisite ingredients in explicating Sojourner’s persona on a historical perspective. In a lengthy dialect description, Caroll (1985) mentions her preaching. In this respect, Truth emerges more of an ex-slave than an abolitionist. Albeit Edwards (1986) mentions that she is famous in radical abolitionist mainstream) and not a vigorous advocate of women’s rights. According to Redding (1971), Truth’s comment on women dressed in bloomers is ridiculing and deprecatory. On the other hand, Truth appears seemingly exotic from Brawdy’s (1991) sketch. Outside the cultural mainstream, Truth appears as the most conspicuous preacher to have existed in ninetieth century America. As introduced by Edwards (1986), Truth is embodied with the temerity of brilliance. Contrastingly, this trait of Truth’s persona as revealed by Edwards (1986) is that of a pastoral, nineteenth century type that is exotic, savage and relatively different from the world of modernity. Some pioneers of the pre-colonial American history (such as Redding, 1971; Sterling, 1984) have commented on the attractiveness of American-based historical imaginations of earlier centuries. Nevertheless, Truth consistently stands out in all studies as uneducated, charismatic and divinely inspired. Her ethnic and racial heritages are the basis of her genius character described by historians such as Caroll 1985 and Edwards (1986) as â€Å"romantic racialism† that is common among abolitionists. With time, Sojourner truth emerged as an emulative model that is not at all to be dismissed or patronized. Her final words—worth enduring—encumbered by her conspicuous influential presence, have been distilled into strength and truth: the power to delve to the center of a controversial subject with few, elaborate, carefully chosen sentiments. As a feminist, abolitionist and evangelist, Sojourner truth (1797-1883) remains etched in the history of most Americans following her uneducated but vocal campaigns in solid support of the rights of slaves, women and victims of social injustices. Tales of Truth’s proactive and outspoken personalities, her unique styles of leadership, her act of displaying her breasts publicly to a crude, anxious audience that dared to challenge her womanhood, and the challenge she posed to Frederick Douglas on the subjects of slavery and violence, historically decors studies of her abolitionist lore (Edwards, 1986). As described by Brawdy (1991), Truth’s powerful voice (graced with her Dutch-English accent), was amplified with her deep connection to religious convictions. Additionally, Sojourner’s personal magnetism, as attested by Smith (1950), claims that she is so far the only lady accredited to have been bestowed with the subtle power and influence to confront contradictory issues in the American history, notwithstanding the social implications of her actions. Though details of her lifetime remain sketchy and cloudy, she was born of poor, slave parents who resided in Ulster County. By then, she was known as Isabella and worked as a slave. Her contributions to emancipation of oppressed minorities from social restraint dates were initiated by her successful elusion from slavery in 1827 (Smith, 1951). After moving to New York City, she embraced evangelical religion and actively engaged in moral reforms. Having joined the Utopian Community (which was mainly based in New York), she ventured in the preaching career, acquiring a great deal of Biblical knowledge. Her abolitionist policies were inscribed in her entertaining and highly instructive gospel songs that she sang as a wandering orator and famous platform figure. A year before mandatory emancipation of slaves in New York City, Sojourner officially adopted the names â€Å"Sojourner Truth† in 1843. From Brawdy’s (1991) revelations, Truth proved to be a servant of the people during the Great Civil War. She collected clothing and food for displaced populations, tramping the isolated roads of Michigan. According to Edwards (1986), she was the first human rights activist to confront President Abraham Lincoln at White House, where she dedicated her life and mobilized resources to the service of freed persons. Truth’s extra-ordinary personality transcended her religious beliefs and obligations. A few studies claim that during the Reconstruction Period, she resolved to sell her personal images, photographs of her shadows as well as the narratives of her personal life to support the integration and inclusion of freed slaves into the American society (Smith, 1951; sterling, 1985). Truth is also remembered for initiating a petition drive that sought to procure land for the settlement of freed slaves. In addition, her interpersonal attributes were lent to movements against the suffrage of women, to an extent of suggesting the opinion of establishing a â€Å"Black State â€Å"in the West. Apart from dictating a number of letters that were pertinent to the question of landlessness which eventually gave rise to reconstruction, Truth consistently preached godliness and purity among the underrepresented and oppressed women. Moreover, Caroll (1985) also claims that Truth’s legacy rests on the contents of her language and tone. In actual sense, she was—and still—is an advocate of society’s liberty (especially women) with a concise and vocal epigraph, having stumped social sins from a country dominated by social inequities from different angles. Admittedly, it is apparent that the objectives of a petition drive and political motives have not been comprehensively described by present-day activists as Sojourner did (Caroll, 1985). To mid ninetieth century readers and audiences, the character of Sojourner Truth appeared different from the characterization reflected in the late twentieth century. According to Smith (1951), her persona image changed somehow after the Civil War, albeit not completely, in view of her twentieth century personality. Prior to the Civil War, Sojourn Truth championed for the rights of women in general terms. Her objective was to disseminate and sell copies of her calling cards and narratives, which were the primary sources of her livelihood. After settling in Washington, her life took a different twist after she sympathized with the pressing needs of freed slaves, who had turned out to southern refugees by then. Other than exploring means by which their relocation could be sought, she gathered courage to collect signatures for a settlement petition and lobbied for monetary aid to fund assistive services. By the late nineteenth century, her quest for humanitarian sobriety heightened and she addressed the needs that were apparently urgent (Smith, 1951). After retiring from the lecture circuit in the late 1880s, her courage revitalized. Ideally, Sojourner’s version of truth as edited by Sterling (1984) gained currency. While white human rights advocates and anti-slavery movements found Sojourner’s character to be attractive and charming, a few blacks remained ambivalent about her antebellum achievements as a spokesperson of minorities, before an American pastoral of white audiences. She is no longer sophisticated in presentations echoed by romantic racists. To date, Truth continues to represent as self-made model with extra-ordinary abilities. In addition, she is the foundation on the need to re-establish an American history that is simultaneously sensitive to gender, race and class distinctions. On the other hand, her controversial claims at one time placed her in a rather awkward position contrary to that of State echelons. For this reason, she was physically assaulted when she publicly denounced racism while championing or equal treatment for all (Edwards, 1986). In light of the successes and shortcomings that featured her philanthropic life she succumbed to ulcers in 1883 after enduring the pains of an ulcerated leg for ten years. Remarkably, Truth’s funeral procession at Battle Creek remains the largest ever witnessed in the burial of United States’ iconic figures, serving as a true testimony of her influence to the historical imagination of the United States (Carol, 1985, Edwards, 1986).

Alcohol Consumption Should Be Banned. Agree or Disagree Essay

Alcohol consumption should be banned. Argue for or against the statement. Alcohol is one of the most widely used and abused drugs in the world. It is a legal drug that can be found just about anywhere, restaurants, liquor stores and even in some supermarkets. It is a drug that is used by many, some just to relax, others to party with the intention of getting drunk and those that are addicted and who abuse the drug like no other. Alcohol causes several problems and injures the lives of many, it is the fifth most dangerous drug in the world being higher than LSD and ecstasy, yet it is a drug that society allows to be used everyday. Alcohol is a drug, which is classified as a depressant. This means that after being consumed it slows down the body’s vital functions, if taken in too much, it may result in slurred speech, problems with perception and unsteady coordination. It is known as a downer, which means that it actually puts the mind in quite a depressed state. It affects the mind, in the case of reducing a person’s ability to think rationally and it impairs judgment. (http://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/alcohol.html). Alcohol is a legal drug, meaning that, it is allowed to be consumed freely with a few laws that prohibit people from driving and consuming it under a certain age. Yet it is a drug that has been proven to cause the most harm to users and others around them. It is not listed as a class A, B or C drug, yet it is listed as the fifth most harmful drug, being higher on the list than LSD, ecstasy and cannabis. Yet all these three drugs are seen as class A or B drugs, making them highl y illegal. (http://www.listology.com/list/top-twenty-most-dangerous-drugs-according-bbc-horizon). Recent studies have shown that the consumption of alcohol is worse to its users and to the people around the users than any other drug. It has shown that when all factors are taken into consideration, alcohol comes out at the top as the most costly drug towards society and it causes the biggest harm. In a study done by Professor David Nutt, he created a bar graph showing the most harmful drugs to users and the society. When conducting his study he took into account all the harms that the drug creates, including mental and physical damage, addiction, crime and costs to the economy and communities. His study showed that alcohol was even worse than heroin when  all factors were taken into consideration. Professor Nutt’s study has showed that the drug classification system, currently in place, have little relevance to the actual harm that is caused by the drug. (http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-11660210). Many studies have now been taken into consideration and a ‘deeper’ look has been taken in to establish exactly how and which drugs cause the most harm. With all these studies, alcohol has been seen as a very high-risk drug. With all these studies there has been the debate in many countries across the globe as to whether alcohol consumption should be banned completely. It has been shown that alcohol is one of the leading causes in death amongst young adults, aged between 15 to 25 years of age, in the cases of accidents, homicides and suicides. Statistics in the USA in 2005, show that 6.6 of the population who are 12 or older, so around 16 million people, are heavy drinkers. In the same study it was shown that out of the 3.9 million people who received treatment for substance abuse, 2.9 million of them were receiving treatment for alcohol abuse. A later study in the USA in 2007 showed that 12998 people had died in car accidents due to alcohol. In the USA alone there are around 1.4 million drunken arrests every year. Studies from England in 2005 showed that there were 6570 deaths caused by alcohol and a later study in 2006 showed that the death toll, from alcohol, had risen to 8758, this shows a gradual increase of 7% each year in alcohol related deaths. Worldwide it was shown that in Europe, out of the 490 million people, 23 million of them were dependent on alcohol. In 2005 out of all traffic deaths 39% of them were alcohol related and 40% of violent crimes occur under the influence of alcohol. (http://www.drugfreeworld.org/drugfacts/alcohol/international-statistics.html). Statistics show that alcohol appears to be a very negative drug. Taken on a worldwide scale alcohol causes more deaths than any illegal drug. But this is not to say that all alcohol consumption is bad. Statistics have shown that wine, in moderation, is actually healthy for a person. Red wine has been proven to actually help the heart and lessen the risk of heart disease. Studies shown have indicated that red wine contains antioxidants, which actually help prevent heart disease by increasing levels of ‘good’ cholesterol and protecting the heart against artery damage. Although this has been seen, doctors still do not encourage people to start drinking as all alcohol can, in the long term effect, cause problems towards health. Red View as multi-pages